Simple past of modals

A2 · Elementary · Cases & Verbs

The rule

konnte, musste, wollte, durfte, sollte, mochte.

How it works

The simple past of modal verbs is used in writing and very often in speech: konnte (could), musste (had to), wollte (wanted), durfte (was allowed), sollte (should) and mochte (liked). Modal verbs drop the umlaut and take regular endings, so ich konnte, wir konnten. Using the simple past is more natural than the perfect with modals.

When to use it

Use the simple past of modal verbs (konnte, musste, wollte, durfte, sollte, mochte), which is more common than the perfect.

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Using the perfect with modals in speech: the simple past is the normal form.

Memory tip

Modals drop the umlaut and add -te: konnte, durfte, wollte.

Read the wider picture in our guide: German Verbs and Word Order: Tenses, Modals and Sentence Structure.

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