Temporal prepositions

A2 · Elementary · Cases & Verbs

The rule

um (clock), am (day), im (month), seit, vor, nach, bis.

How it works

Time expressions use fixed prepositions: um for clock times (um acht Uhr), am for days and dates (am Montag, am 3. Mai), im for months, seasons and parts of the day (im Juli, im Sommer, im Winter), seit for a starting point in the past (seit 2020), vor for a time ago (vor zwei Tagen) and bis for an end point (bis Freitag).

When to use it

Express time with um (clock time), am (days), im (months), seit (since), vor (ago) and bis (until).

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Using the wrong preposition: "um drei Uhr", "am Montag", "im Juni".

Memory tip

Um = the time of day, am = on a day, im = in a month or season.

Read the wider picture in our guide: German Cases Explained: Nominative, Accusative, Dative and Genitive.

Related grammar topics

All grammar topics · A2 grammar