Negation with kein

A1 · Beginner · Basics

The rule

kein negates nouns and takes ein-endings; nicht negates verbs and adjectives.

How it works

Kein is the negative form of ein and takes the same endings. It negates a noun: Ich habe kein Auto (I have no car). Nicht negates everything else: verbs, adjectives, adverbs and whole clauses. Choosing between kein and nicht is one of the most common decisions for learners, so the simple test is to ask whether the object has an article.

When to use it

Use kein to negate a noun ("I have no car") and nicht to negate a verb, adjective or whole clause.

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Using nicht before a noun ("Ich habe nicht Auto") instead of kein.

Memory tip

Ask: is it a noun phrase with an article? Use kein. Otherwise use nicht.

Related grammar topics

All grammar topics · A1 grammar